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ecological niche, indima yezinto eziphila kwimvelo — isiZulu
Into ngayinye ephila kwimvelo inendima ethile okumele iyidlale (bheka i-“ecology”). Le ndima ibizwa nge-ecological niche yaleyonto ephila kwimvelo. Izinto eziphila kwimvelo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu azikwazi ukudlala indima efanayo kuze kuphele isikhathi eside ngoba lokho kuyodala ukuncintisana bese eyodwa noma ngaphezulu iphoqeleka ukuthi iphume kuleyo ndima, noma iguquke ngandlelathize ukuze isimo sayo sikwazi ukufanelana nendima leyo, noma-ke uma kungenjalo ivele ife. Izinkumabulongwe ziyisibonelo esihle sezinto eziphila kwimvelo ezinomsebenzi wemvelo osemqoka kakhulu futhi ayikho enye into ephila kwimvelo engawenza lowo msebenzi. Ukusebenzisa kabusha ubulongwe ngumsebenzi wemvelo wezinkumabulongwe. Esikhathini esiningi izinyosi azivamile ukuthathwa njengezinto eziphilayo ezibalulekile kwimvelo, kodwa umsebenzi wazo wemvelo wukuthutha nokusabalalisa impova phakathi kwezitshalo futhi ngaphandle kwezinyosi yonke impilo emhlabeni beyizoba sengcupheni enkulu, njengoba kusho incwadi ka-Rachel Carson esihloko sithi Silent Spring yowe-1962 eyakhishwa ngenkathi kuqala uMbutho Wokuvikelwa Nokulondolozwa Kwemvelo. Manje, (ngowezi-2013) amazwi esiprofetho sakhe aseqala ukufezeka ngendlela ethusayo njengoba sekubonakala ukufa kwezindimbane ngezindimbane zezinyosi ezifundeni eziningi emhlabeni wonkana. Cishe kusukela ngowezi-2006, abafuyi bezinyosi abathengisayo baseMelika babika ukwehla kwenani lezinyosi ezidlekeni zazo. Njengamanje kwelaseMelika kwenziwa ucwaningo oluphuthumayo ngalesi simo sokushabalala nokufa kwezinyosi, esibizwa nge-“colony-collapse disorder (CCD)”. Abafuyi bezinyosi bagxeka ukukhula komthamo wezibulali-zinambuzane kanye nezibulali-zitshalo kwimvelo, kodwa-ke ososayensi abavumelani nakancane nokuthi lokhu yisona sodwa isizathu esiyimbangela ye-CCD. Imiphumela ethile yocwaningo eyenziwe ngososayensi abahlonishwayo ikhombisa ukuthi ngamagagasi amancane ahamba ngomoya (microwaves) akhishwa yizo zonke izingcingo ezingomakhalekhukhwini (amaselula) ezikhona emhlabeni wonke jikelele ayimbangela yokwehla kwenani lezidleke zezinyosi. Ngokusobala amagagasi akhishwa ngamaselula aphazamisa ukuhamba kwezinyosi futhi ayazibulala ngenkathi zihambahamba zithungatha amaqulu ezinyosi, alokhu enciphe njalo. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi yisiphi isizathu esibangela ukuncipha kwezinyosi, amanani ezinyosi ehla ngesivinini esithuyaso emhlabeni wonke jikelele, okwenza umuntu azithole esekhumbula iqubulo, okuthiwa sasisetshenziswa ngu-Albert Einstein – esithi “uma zishabalala izinyosi ebusweni bomhlaba, abantu ngeke baphile isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emine emhlabeni”.
