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waterlogging, ukugcwala kwamanzi ngokweqile enhlabathini noma edwaleni — isiZulu
Ungqimba (layer) lomhlabathi noma idwala elidlulisa amanzi kalula, elichichima amanzi, okusho ukuthi zonke izikhala phakathi kwezinhlayiya zomhlabathi noma zedwala sezigcwele amanzi ngokweqile (bheka i-“aquifer”). Lolu ngqimba lomhlabathi noma idwala alusakwazi ukumunca amanzi ngaphezu kwamanzi eseliwamumethe. Ezinye izinhlobo zomhlabathi, ezinjengobumba (clayey) noma udaka (silty soil) zivalise ukugcwala nokunqwabelana amanzi ngokweqile uma ziqhathaniswa nomhlabathi odlulisa amanzi kalula, onjengesihlabathi. Ukuqina kwezinhlayiya zesihlabathi kwenza adlule ngenkani amanzi phakathi kwezinhlayiya zaso, okuyinto engenzeki emhlabathini owubumba noma owudaka. Ukugcwala ngokweqile kwamanzi kungaba yisimo esinobungozi obukhulu impela ezifundeni lapho kuvamise ukuthi kube nezigameko zokunyibilika komhlabathi noma udaka (bheka i-“mass wasting”) ngoba phela ukwengezeka kwamanzi kuleyo ndawo kungaholela ekutheni umhlabathi ubhidlike. Futhi lokhu kungadala izindleko nokulahleka kwemali engenayo, okuyinto eyinkinga kakhulu kubalimi ngoba phela ngeke bakwazi ukulima ngenkathi umhlaba wabo ugcwele amanzi ngokweqile, futhi nemiklamo yokwakha nayo iyaphazamiseka ngoba umsebenzi wokwakha awukwazi ukuqhubeka ngaphansi kwesimo esinjalo, okuyisimo esidala izindleko ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, ukugcwala kwamanzi ngokweqile yisimo esijwalelekile kulezo zindawo ezingamaxhaphozi. Izinto zemvelo eziphila emaxhaphozini zakheke ngendlela ehambelana nendawo eyixhaphozi futhi ziphila kalula kuleyo ndawo, ngaphandle uma amanzi engcolisekile futhi kunezinto ezinobungozi kuleyo ndawo.
