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ukuhlunga — isiZulu
Inqubo yokubheka ukuthi isinyathelo esihlongozwayo noma umklamo wentuthuko kumele uthunyelwe yini noma cha kwinqubo ephelele yokuhlolwa komthelela kwimvelo (EIA). Le nqubo kumele ibheke ukuthi ingabe izinto eziphathelene nomklamo ohlongozwayo zingaba nomthelela omkhulu yini kwimvelo, kangangokuthi kungadingeka ukuba kwenziwe i-EIA ephelele ukuze kutholakale imvume yokuqhubekela phambili nomklamo ohlongozwayo. Qaphela ukuthi zonke iziphakamiso kumele zidlule kwinqubo yokuhlunga, kodwa-ke ezinye izinyathelo ezihlongozwayo ngeke zibe nomthelela omkhulu kakhulu kwimvelo, ongadinga ukuba kwenziwe i-EIA ephelele. Ukuhlunga kuhlukile ekuhlonzweni komthelela (bheka i-“scoping”) ngoba phela ukuhlunga kucubungula futhi kubheke isinyathelo esihlongozwayo noma umklamo wonkana, njengento eyodwa ephelele, kanti ukuhlonzwa komthelela kucubungula umthelela ngamunye ophathelene nesinyathelo noma umklamo ohlongozwayo. Kwesinye isikhathi akuyona neze into elula ukuthatha isinqumo esigabeni sokuhlunga, futhi njengoba kunamashoshozela okuvikelwa kwemvelo anamandla kakhulu noma ama-NGO amaningi impela, anomsindo omkhulu, futhi agxeka ngisho nesenzo esincanyana nje esiphambene nenqubo ebekiwe, lokho kwenza ukuthi iziphathimandla ezigunyaziwe zamazwe asethuthukile zibe madolonzima ukuvumela isinyathelo esithile noma umklamo othile ngaphandle kokwenziwa kwe-EIA. Ukuze kulekelelwe iziphathimandla, sekuthuthukiswe ama-checklist awusizo kakhulu. ENingizimu Afrika, kunezinhlu ezimbili ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlunga: uHlu Lwezinto Okumele Zenziwe (List of Activities) kanye noHlu Lwezindawo Zemvelo (List of Environments). Zonke izinto okumele zenziwe ezibhalwe ohlwini lokuqala, kanye nanoma yimuphi umklamo oyingxenye yemvelo obhalwe ohlwini lwesibili, kumele kudlule kwinqubo ephelele ye-EIA. Ukumisa isitodlwana samapulangwe esincanyana sokuthengisa eceleni komgwaqo omkhulu oya e-Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site, kungabonakala njengento engenabo neze ubungozi kwimvelo, kodwa ngenxa yokuthi lesi yisizinda esiyigugu lomhlaba, uHlu Lwezindawo Zemvelo lungabonisa ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe i-EIA. Ukwakha isizinda sokulahla imfucuza yenuzi enkabeni yendawo enkulu eyihlane, engenabantu futhi enomhlabathi ongavundile, ongakulungele neze ukulima, nakho kungabonakala njengento engenabo ubungozi obukhulu, kodwa-ke ngoba lokhu kubandakanya imisebe eyingozi (radio-active material) uHlu Lwezinto Ezizokwenziwa lungadinga ukuthi kwenziwe i-EIA ephelele. Ngaphandle nje kwalezi zinhlu eziwusizo, umgomo oyisisekelo osetshenziswa kuwo wonke amazwe asethuthukile uthi: “Uma unokungabaza, yenza i-EIA”. Emazweni asathuthuka, ukuhlunga akunayo imibandela eqine kakhulu futhi akwenziwa ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa-ke akufanele neze kube njalo, ngoba phela kungenzeka ukuthi isizinda sokulahla imfucuza yenuzi okukhulunywa ngaso lapha ngenhla sakhiwe enkabeni yomhlaba osetshenziswa yisizwe esehla senyuka endaweni ethile noma isizinda esingumhlaba ongcwele imbala. Isiphakamiso sokwakha ifemu yeziqhumane enkabeni yedolobha, asidingi nokuthi kuze kube khona uhlu oluthile olubonisa ukuthi kumele sithunyelwe ngqo esigabeni sezinto esithathwa njengezinto okungasondelwa neze kuzona esibizwa nge-“no-go” class.
