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ukuhlolwa kobungozi — isiZulu
Ngowejografi kanye nangokwezemvelo, lokhu kuyisilinganiso samathuba okwenzeka kwesigameko esingathandeki noma umphumela omubi obungalindekile wanoma yisiphi isenzo noma isinyathelo. Leli temu lisetshenziswa ngendlela evulekile futhi aliqondile esigamekweni esithile kuphela futhi lisetshenziswa kumasayensi amaningi ahlukahlukene nasezimweni ezihlukahlukene. Emkhakheni wezemvelo lisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuthi angakanani amathuba okuthi kwenzeke isigameko sokungcoliseka kwamanzi, ukuguguleka komhlabathi, ukungcoliseka komoya, ukucekelwa phansi kwendawo okuphila kuyona izinto zemvelo, ukufa kwezilwane, ukuguquka kwesimo semvelo, ukucekeleka phansi kwexhaphozi, kanye neminye imiphumela yemvelo engathandeki ebangelwe yizenzo zabantu. Ukuhlolwa kobungozi yinqubo yokubikezela isimo futhi kunzima kakhulu ukwenza lokhu emkhakheni wezemvelo, ngoba phela kuthathwa izinqubo zezomnotho ziguqulwe ukuze zilungele ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezemvelo. Ukuhlolwa kobungozi bemvelo sekuyinqubo esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke jikelele, kubandakanya naseNingizimu Afrika, futhi i-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) yase-Unites States of America seyithuthukise iqoqwana lemihlahlandlela ebanzi mayelana nalokhu. Ayikho indlela ebekiwe, futhi eyamukelwe ngumuntu wonke yokwenza lokhu, kwodwa-ke inqubo yokuhlolwa kobungozi ingachazwa njengenqubo ebandakanya izigaba ezine ezihlukene: ukuhlonzwa kwesimo esinobungozi, ukuhlolwa kobungozi, ukwenziwa kwesilinganiso samathuba okudaleka kwengozi, kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza kwezilawuli zokunciphisa nokuvimbela ubungozi (risk evaluation). Ingxenye eyinkinga kakhulu yanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuhlolwa kobungozi wukuthi kumele kwenziwe izilinganisonani zezinto ezingakaleki. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokwenza lokho, futhi inqubo ngayinye yokuhlolwa kobungozi kumele ikhethe isu elifanelekile elizosetshenziswa. Inqubo yonke yokuhlolwa kobungozi, iyinqubo egxile ikakhulukazi ekusebenziseni ukuqagela, kodwa-ke ukuqagela okuphusile okuhambisana nolwazi olunzulu kanye nokwenza isilinganiso sobungozi ngobuhlakani obukhulu (calculated risk) kungafakazeleka ngokwesayensi uma kusetshenziswe ngokucophelela futhi kususelwe ebufakazini obuphathekayo noma ezigamekweni okudlulwe kuzona.
