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i-remote sensing — isiZulu
Ukuqoqa idatha mayelana nento ethile, ukude, usebenzisa ithuluzi elikhethekile – inzwakuzwa (sensor) – elingathintene ngqo naleyonto okuqoqwa kuyona idatha, futhi elingaxhunyiwe kuyona. Ithuluzi elinjalo kungaba yikhamera, idivayisi ye-sonar, i-mechanical scanner, i-radar system, i-laser sensor, i-electronic sensor, noma i-electromagnetic radiation sensor exhunywe kwisiphuphutheki sesathelayithi esizungeza umhlaba. Zonke izinto zemvelo noma ezakhiwe ngabantu ezinezingakushisa elingaphezulu kuka-absolute zero (okusho, u-zero ku-Kelvin scale, noma izinga elingu -273,16˚C) zikhiqiza amandla kazibuthegesi (electromagnetic energy) futhi ama-sensors akhethekile ayakwazi ukuzwa nokubona lawa mandla kazibuthegesi akhiqiziwe. Izinto ezihlukahlukene zikhiqiza amandla kazibuthegesi anobude bamagagasi obuhlukahlukene futhi singawakha ama-sensors ahlukahlukene akwaziyo ukuzwa nokubona amandla okushisa (radiation) okunobude bamagagasi obuhlukahlukene. Ikhamera ejwayelekile, njengekhamera kamakhalekhukhwini, iyakwazi ukuzwa nokubona ama-radiation wavelengths kodwa-ke ubude balokho buncane kakhulu, okuyilawo ayingxenye ye-spectrum esibonakalayo – futhi afanayo nalawo esikwazi ukuwabona ngamehlo ethu. Amathuluzi e-laser ayakwazi ukukhiqiza ama-wavelengths angaphandle kwe-spectrum esibonakala ngamehlo, futhi lokho kuholela ekutheni singakwazi ukubona umsebe (beam), ngaphandle uma lowo msebe ubuyiseleka emuva (reflected) emva kokushayisa entweni ethile. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umbono onobukhazikhazi obumangalisayo emidlalweni yeshashalazi noma yasesiteji kanye nasemakhonsathini omculo we-pop, kodwa-ke lokhu kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukufezekisa izinhloso zesayensi, zempi kanye nezokwelapha. (Imifanekiso ye-sonar nayo ivamise ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezempi nowezokwelapha, kodwa-ke lokho kuyinto ehluke kakhulu. Amagagasi omsindo akhiqizwa yithuluzi elithile futhi lona lelo thuluzi liyawezwa (detects) lawo magagasi ngenkathi ebuyela emuva emva kokushayisa entweni abethunyelwe kuyona. Ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-sonar odokotela bayakwazi ukubona, ngendlela ephephile, umntwana ngaphakathi esibelethweni sikamama wakhe. Kusemqoka ukuthi kuphawuleke ukuthi isithombe esijwayelekile esithwetshulwe emoyeni singahumusheka ngaphandle kokuhlunga, nocubungula kanye nokuhlaziya idatha equkethwe kuleso sithombe. Kodwa-ke, lokho ngeke neze kwenzeke maqondana nezithombe ezithwetshulwe ngesiphuphutheki sesathelayithi, ngoba phela zona kumele zicutshungulwe futhi zihlaziywe ngaphambi kokuba zihunyushwe.
