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primary data, idatha eyisisekelo — isiZulu
Uchungechunge lwezinto ezibonakele, izinto ezikaliwe, amaqiniso, njalo njalo, eziphathelne nomphakathi wabantu okwenziwe kuwona ucwaningo (bheka i-“demographic data”) oluphathelene nenkinga noma isimo esithile esicwaningwayo endaweni ethile ngesikhathi esithile. Kunezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuqoqa idatha, njengokuma ekhoneni lomgwaqo othile ubale inani lezimoto, amatekisi, abantu abahamba ngezinyawo, abantu asebekhulile ngokweminyaka, abantu besilisa abasebasha abagqoke uhlobo oluthile lwesicathulo, kanye nanoma yini enye, noma umuntu odlula lapho ngesikhathi esithile. Lokhu kungabandakanya futhi nokubala izitshalo eziwukhula okungafanele zimile endaweni ethile, noma ukukala ibanga lokugqagqana kwezihlahla zohlobo lwe-baobab endaweni ethile. Lezi zinto ezibonakele, amaqiniso, izinto ezikaliwe kanye nezinto ezenzekayo endaweni ethile ziboniswa ngophawu olufakwa kwi-clipboard noma zibhalwe phansi emanothini omcwaningi, okungamanothi ezinto azibonile ngenkathi enza ucwaningo emphakathini. Ukuqoqwa kwedatha kuyenziwa futhi ngokubheka ulwazi oluhlinzekwe emibhalweni esemthethweni ukuze kutholakale inani labantu abangene ezweni ngokusemthethweni esikhathini esithile, inani labantu abaphila ne-HIV, inani labantu abathola izibonelelomali zikahulumeni, inani labantu abangayikhokhi intela, inani labantu abasemajele ababoshelwe amacala aphathelene nezocansi, inani lobhejane ababulawayo ngonyaka ezindaweni zokulondoloza imvelo, kanye nokunye okuningi. Ithuluzi lokuqoqwa kwedatha elivamise ukusetshenziswa wukugcwaliswa kwamapheshana emibuzo (questionnaires). Zonke lezi zibonelo ezihlinzekwe ngenhla zibizwa “ngokuqoqwa kwedatha ngokuvakashela emphakathini uyozibonela ngamehlo lokho okwenzekayo (field-work)”, nakuba lokhu kungaba yinto eyenziwe edolobheni imbala! Idatha eqoqwe ngabacwaningi kanye nabasizi babo abaqeqeshiwe, yidatha eyisisekelo engakalungiswa noma engakahluzwa (unprocessed, raw, primary data). Ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokulungisa nokuhluza idatha, idatha iyahlungwa, inikezwe amakhodi (coded), ibekwe ngokwamaqoqo, ihlukaniswe ngokwezindawo etholakale kuzona bese iguqulwa ibe wulwazi, olungamaphesenti, izinkomba kanye nemifanekiso, futhi konke lokhu kuqhathaniseka kalula nolwazi olufanayo oluqoqwe kwezinye izindawo. Idatha esilungisiwe noma esihluziwe ingasetshenziswa njengolwazi oluyisisekelo komunye umklamo wocwaningo, kodwa-ke lokho kungenzeka kuphela uma kunobufakazi obuqanda ikhanda bokunemba nokuthembakala kwedatha eyisisekelo.
