Help
Industrial Revolution, Uguquko Olukhulukazi Lwezezimboni — isiZulu
Uguquko olukhulu kwindlela okwakwenziwa ngayo izinto lapho imisebenzi eyabe yenziwa ngezandla yaqala ukwenziwa yimishini. Lolu guquko lwaqala eNgilandi maphakathi neminyaka yawo-1700 kanti ngeminyaka yawo-1800 lwasabalala lwayofinyelela kwizwekazi elabe libizwa nge-Northern Americas ngaleso sikhathi. Ngeminyaka yawo-1850–1860 i-United States of America (njengoba seyibizwa kanjalo namuhla), (nakuba yayikade ibandakanyeke empini, i-American Civil War) ne-United Kingdom kanye nezingxenye ezithile ze-Western Europe babematasa kakhulu futhi bephishekile ngalolu guquko olukhulukazi lokuguqukela kule nqubo yokukhiqiza impahla ngemishini ezimbonini. I-industrial revolution yawuguqula kakhulu umhlaba, kanye ne-ekhosistimu yomhlaba yonkana, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngendlela eyayingeke neze ibuyiseleke emuva. Ukufika kwalolu guquko olukhulu kwaphelisa isikhathi sokwenza izinto ngendlela egxile ezindaweni zasemakhaya, yokusebenza ngokuzimela, futhi ehambisana nomkhiqizo ophansi owenzelwe ikakhulukazi ukuziphilisa nokuzitholela okuya ngasethunjini futhi kwaqeda nokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi enziwe ngesandla kulawo mazwe namuhla asebizwa ngamazwe asethuthukile, futhi kwaqalisa ukuthembela kwiziphehlamandla ezimbiwa phansi, ezingavuseleleki, kanye nezimpahla ezikhiqizwe ngomshini, emazweni ayesethuthukile futhi ayeneminotho emikhulukazi emhlabeni. Imvelo yacekeleka phansi kakhulu ngenxa yalokhu kuthembela emalahleni, nowoyela kanye negesi yemvelo njengeziphahlamandla zokuqhuba imishini emafemini abe akhiwe esizindeni esikhulu esisodwa emadolobeni okwase kusungulwe kuwona izimboni eziningi, ikakhulukazi lawo madolobha akhula ngokushesha agcina esengamadolobha amakhulukazi. Kulawo mazwe asebizwa ngamazwe asethuthukile kulezi zinsuku, abantu bathutha ezindaweni zasemakhaya bafudukela emadolobheni, ngenhloso yokuyozitholela amatoho emafemini. Lokhu kwaletha uquguko ekuhlinzekweni kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi ngoba phela bonke laba bantu ababesanda kufudukela emadolobheni babedinga izinsizakalo ezihlukahlukene, njengezenkolo, ezemfundo kanye nosizo lokwelashwa. Futhi-ke – ngelishwa – lokhu kwadala izinkinga zemvelo ezinkulu impela, njengokungcoliseka komoya, ukungcoliseka kwamanzi, ukuphathwa kwemfucuza, ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda, kanye nokunye okuningi. Ngenxa yokuthi kwakumele kutholakale ama-raw materials ayedingwa yimboni yezokukhiqiza, izifunda ezithile ezindaweni zasemakhaya nazo zazithola sezikhahlamezekile ngenxa yokukhula komsebenzi wezimayini, ingqalasizinda, amanethiwekhi okuxhumana ngezingcingo, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi emadolobheni, ukungcoliseka kwamanzi nomoya ngenxa yezinsalela zemikhiqizo kanye nemfucuza ephuma ezimbonini, imvula ene-asidi, kanye nokunye okuningi. Amazwe asathuthuka nawo akhahlamezeka ngoba iningi lama-raw materials kanye nabasebenzi bezimboni kwakulandwa emazweni ayethathwa njengamazwe ayengakathuthuki, ngaleso sikhathi.
