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GMO, into ephilayo eshintshwe izakhi zayo zofuzo ngobuchwepheshe — isiZulu
Into ephilayo eshintshwe izakhi zayo zofuzo ngobuchwepheshe yisitshalo noma isilwane “esisha” esiphilayo esakhiwe elabholethri ngososayensi ngokuthi bashitshe ngabomu izakhi zofuzo (chromosomes) zesitshalo noma isilwane esikhona njengamanje. Izakhi zofuzo ze-DNA (ulibofuzo) yanoma iyiphi into ephilayo ngamaphrotheyini athwala ubunjalo bofuzo lwento ephilayo. Ukushintshwa kwanoma yiziphi izakhi zofuzo zento ephilayo kuyayishintsha ibe yinto ephilayo ehlukile (“entsha”). Ubuchwepheshe be-GMO abubandakanyi ukushintshwa kwezakhi zofuzo zento ephilayo esikhulile ngokweminyaka (mature) ukuze kwakhiwe enye into ephilayo eshintshiwe esikhulile – lokho kwenzeka kuphela kumafilimu ebhayisikobho ezinganekwane zesayensi. Into eyenzeka ngokwempela nangokweqiniso wukuthi izakhi zofuzo ze-DNA ezivela entweni ngayinye ephilayo ziyashintshwa bese kwakhiwa izinto eziphilayo ezintsha kusebenzisa leyo-DNA eguqulilwe. Ubuchwepheshe be-GMO busewumkhakha omusha impela futhi buthuthukiswe kuphela kule minyaka engama-20 edlule. Kusenongabazane mayelana nokuthi lokhu kuyinto elungile yini futhi kusenokuphikisana okukhulu ngalokho. Izazi ze-ekholoji ejulile (Deep ecologists) zibubona buyinto engalungile neze ubuchwepheshe be-GMO (bheka i-“ecocentrism” kanye ne-“environmentalist”). Ubuchwepheshe be-GMO akumele buphanjaniswe nokuzalaniswa nokulinywa kwezinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo, osekuphele iminyaka ngeminyaka kwenziwa ngabomu, ngokusabalalisa ukuphindaphindeka kwezinto ezithile eziphilayo ezigugukele ngokwemvelo (uhlobo obelungalindelekile lwento ephilayo eguqukile) noma-ke okwenzeke ngokuzalaniswa kwezinto eziphilayo zohlobo olufanayo noma ezihlukile kodwa ezinokuhlobana okuthile. Lezi zinqubo okukhulunywa ngazo lapha ngenhla zokwakhiwa kohlobo olwehlukile lwento ephilayo zingazenzekela ngokwemvelo ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka nokungenelela kwabantu. Kusukela emandulo, abantu bebakha noma bezalanisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezitshalo kanye nezilwane ebezikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1950 ososayensi sebakhe izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo nezilwane ezintsha okuyizona ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni kulezi zinsuku emkhakheni wezabalimi asebethethukile abathengisayo. Izitshalo ezisanhlamvu ezinomkhiqizo ophezulu futhi ezikwaziyo ukumelana nezinambuzane eziwuhlupho nesomiso kanye nokubanda, ezitshalwayo emhlabeni wonke kulezi zinsuku, zakhiwe ngokususela ezitshalweni ebezivele zikhona. Ngaphandle kwalezi zinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, besingeke sikwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokudla kubo bonke abantu abakhona emhlabeni. Abalondolozi bemvelo kabaphikisani nokwakhiwa noma ukuzalaniswa kwezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane ezintsha uma zingaguqulwanga izakhi zofuzo zanoma yisiphi isitshalo noma isilwane, kodwa baphikisana kakhulu nokwakhiwa kwama-GMO. Kusazoba yinto edala impikiswano enkulu impela ukuthi ama-GMO ayogcina esemukelekile yini kubo bonke abantu kanye nezinhlaka zonkana.
