flora, iqoqo lezitshalo eziphila endaweni ethile — isiZulu
Ubudlelwano bezitshalo eziphila ndawonye endaweni ethile ngesikhathi esithile. Lokhu kubandakanya zonke izitshalo eziyingxenye ye-ekhosistimu ngesikhathi esithile, ngaphambi kokuba i-ekhosistimu iguquke futhi kube nezitshalo ezibunayo noma ezifayo; kuleso sigaba, buyaguquka ubudlelwano bezitshalo eziphila kuleyo ekhosistimu. Leli qoqo lezitshalo libandakanya izitshalo ezinhlobonhlobo kusukela ezitshalweni ezinkulu njengesihlahla somkhomo esikhulukazi (i-baobab) kuya ezitshalweni ezincane kakhulu njengalezo ezinengqamuzana eyodwa (single celled) imbala, njenge-phytoplankton.