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izinsiza zemvelo — isiZulu
Ngokwencazelo yoqobo yaleli temu, lisho zonke izimpahla nezinsizakalo esizithola kwimvelo. Le ncazelo ebanzi isinikeza inkinga ngoba ikubandakanya kokubili, izinto zemvelo kanye nabantu abaphila kwimvelo. Okusho ukuthi, ikubandakanya kokubili, izimpahla zemvelo kanye nezimpahla ezakhiwe ngabantu (bheka i-“economic valuation”). Ukwenza izinto zibe lula, sivamise ukuthatha ngokuthi izinto eziyimpahla yemvelo ziyizinsiza zemvelo. Lokhu kubandakanya umoya, amanzi, umhlabathi, izimila zemvelo, amadwala, izimbiwa, ubuhle bezintaba namathafa kanye nobuhle bolwandle. Ukuchaza inani lobugugu (value) balezi zinsiza zemvelo kuyinqubo enzima kakhulu futhi kusetshenziswa izindlela ezihlukahlukene ukwenza lokhu. Ezinye izindlela ziphathelene nomnotho nje kuphela, kanti ezinye zibhekisisa nezinto ezinenani elingakaleki kalula njengobuhle bemvelo. Iningi lalezi zinsiza litholakala mahhala, kodwa-ke umsebenzi wokumba igolide noma amadayimane udinga izimali. Ngokunjalo, isakhiwo esisogwini lolwandle esibonisa ubuhle bolwandle singaphezulu ngokwenani uma siqhathaniswa nesakhiwo esingalubonisi ulwandle. Ukuhlolwa kwezinsiza zemvelo ngenye yezinqubo ezisemqoka kakhulu emkhakheni wezokuphathwa kwemvelo kanye nowezomthetho wemvelo (bheka i-“economic valuation”). Uma sekuza ngasodabeni lobunikazi, lezi zinsiza zisinikeza inkinga enkulu impela. Akekho umuntu noma izwe elingathi lingumnikazi wesibhakabhaka, imifula, ulwandle noma izintaba. Kepha-ke nakuba kunjalo, sesiqhamuke nezinqubo nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene zokuchaza ubunikazi bezinsiza zemvelo, ngoba phela kuyadingeka ukuthi sikwazi ukuphendula imibuzo eshubile njengokuthi: “ubani umnikazi womhlaba?”, “ubani umnikazi wezimbiwa ezitholakala emajukujukwini omhlaba?”, “uvumelekile yini umakhelwane wakho (noma izwe elingumakhelwane) ukungcolisa umoya ovunguzela ngakuwe noma amanzi agelezela ngakuwe?”, “kulungile yini ukuthi sivumele imayini icekele phansi imvelo eseduze kwesiqiwu?”, “kufanele kuvunyelwe yini ukuhlaliswa kwabantu abangenawo umhlaba, abahlwempu futhi abantulayo ezindaweni zemvelo ezingakaze ziphazanyiswe, lapho isimo semvelo silokhu sinjalo njengasekuqaleni?”. Ezweni ngalinye, lezi zindaba ziphathwa ngokwemithetho yezwe kanye namandla (noma ukuzimisela) kweziphathimandla ukuphoqelela ukuthotshelwa komthetho. Emazweni athile noma izifunda ezithile noma izindawo ezithile futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, ngokuvunyelwa wumthetho, umuntu “unelungelo” lokwakha noma lokuhlala endaweni ebonisa ubuhle bolwandle futhi akekho umuntu ovumelekile ukwakha isakhiwo eside esizovimbela abanye abantu bangakwazi ukubona ulwandle bengaphakathi ezindlini zabo noma ezakhiweni abahlala kuzona. Olunye uhlobo lwezinsiza zemvelo ezidinga ukuthi sikhulume ngazo kabanzi yilezo ezibizwa ngama-“commons”. Lokhu kubandakanya umkhathi, izilwandle, imifula esemngceleni yezifunda noma amazwe ahlukahlukene noma egeleza idlule ezifundeni noma emazweni ahlukahlukene kanye namadlelo asezindaweni zomphakathi lapho kuklabisa khona abantu abahlukahlukene, njalo njalo. Konke lokhu “akuyona into” engeyomuntu othile noma isikhungo esithile. Lezi yizinto zomuntu wonke futhi kumele zisetshenziswe yibo bonke abantu. Njengoba engekho umuntu noma isikhungo esingathi “singumnikazi” walezi zinto zemvelo, akekho umuntu okwenza kube yisibopho nomthwalo wakhe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lokhu kusetshenziswa ngendlela esimeme ukuze kuhlale isikhathi eside. Iningi lalezi zinsiza zemvelo selixhashazwe amakhulu ngamakhulu eminyaka (bheka i-“exploitation”) yibo bonke abantu abazisebenzisayo, kangangokuthi ezinye zalezi zinsiza ngeke zisatholakala esikhathini eside esizayo, futhi ezinye sezicekeleke phansi ngendlela engeke isalungiseka kanti ezinye zazo seziwohloke ngokuphelele – lokhu kuyinhlekelele yoqobo yokucekeleka phansi kwezinto zemvelo (“tragedy of the commons”). Umbutho Wezokuvikelwa Nokulondolozwa Kwemvelo owaqubuka ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yawo-1960 (bheka i-“ecocentrism, “ecological citizenship”, “ecological niche” kanye ne-“environmentalist”) wasungulwa ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngale nhlekelele yemvelo. Abalondolozi bemvelo, kukho konke abakwenzayo, bazabalazela ukuhlenga lemi thombo yemvelo engama-“commons” kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi isetshenziswa ngendlela esimeme ukuze iqhubeke isikhathi eside.
