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i-ekhosistimu, impilandawonye — isiZulu
I-ekhosistimu yakhiwe yizitshalo, izilwane kanye nezilwanyazane namagciwane, kanye nezinto ezingaphili kanye nalezo ezingamakhemikhali, eziyingxenye yemvelo eziphila kuyona futhi eziphila ngayo. Ngakho-ke, ama-ekhosistimu afaka phakathi izinto eziphilayo, umhlabathi, amanzi, umoya, amadwala kanye nanoma iyiphi enye into yemvelo noma into eyakhiwe ngabantu etholakala kuleyo ndawo ethile ngaleso sikhathi esithile. KuJografi i-ekhosistimu yinto ephathelene nendawo, okusho ukuthi, ifaka phakathi konke lokhu okushiwo ngenhla, kodwa-ke yenzeka noma itholakala esikhaleni esithile esichaziwe esiklamekayo futhi siboniswe kwibalazwe (bheka i-“demarcation”). Lokhu akusho neze ukuthi ama-ekhosisitimu ayizinto ezivalekile, okwenza ukuthi izinto eziphila kwamanye ama-ekhosisitimu akhelene nawo azikwazi ukufinyelela kuwona. Izinto eziphilayo ezihlala kwi-ekhosistimu ziyahambahamba futhi ziyaxhumana nezinto eziphilayo kanye nezingxenye zamanye ama-ekhosistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, wonke ama-ekhosisitimu ayawathola amandla elanga, amanzi kanye nomoya kanye nezinye izinto ezingenayo (inputs) ezingaphili ezivela kwimvelo eseduzane eyakhelene nawo, futhi kokubili amandla (energy) kanye nezinto ezingaphili (matter) kuyaphuma ohlelweni, njengezinto eziphumayo noma ezikhiqizwayo (outputs). Ngenxa yalokho-ke, amandla kanye nezinto ezingaphili kuyangena njalo ngokuqhubekayo kudlule kuwo wonke ama-ekhosisitimu futhi kuphinde kuphume. Njengoba ama-ekhosistimu equkethe izinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo ezakha uchungechunge lwezinto eziphilayo ezithembele kwezinye izinto eziphilayo njengomthombo wokudla (food-chain), futhi njengoba izinto ezingaphili zilokhu zidlule njalo ohlelweni ngendlela ezungelezayo, ama-ekhosistimu ayakwazi ukuziphilisa ngokwawo. Ngaphandle nje kwezinto eziphilayo ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokungena nokuphuma okulokhu kuqhubeke njalo kwezinto eziphilayo kanye nezingaphili noma iyiphi i-ekhosistimu ingagcina isibhidlikile futhi ishabalale. Kunomcabango ojwayelekile oyiphutha othi ama-ekhosistimu yizonhlelo zemvelo ngokuphelele ezitholakala ezindaweni ezithile ezisemakhaya, noma eziqiwini noma kude kakhulu nabanye bethu abahlala ezifundeni ezisemadolobheni njengaseGauteng. Lokhu akulona neze iqiniso, ngoba wonke amadolobha equkethe ama-ekhosistimu amancane ayizinkulungwane ngezinkulungwane (ama-micro-ecosystems). Zonke izakhiwo kanye nezinto ezakhiwe ngabantu ziyingxenye ye-ekhosistimu.
