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umnotho ombaxambili — isiZulu
Uhlelo lomnotho owakhiwe yimikhakha esemqoka yezomnotho emibili elinganayo noma ecishe ilingane. Ngokwethiyori, intuthuko yezomnotho yawo wonke amazwe idlula ezigabeni eziningana impela. Lezi zigaba zibonisa imikhakha yezomnotho emine ehlukene, okusho: imisebenzi yezomnotho eyisisekelo (primary activities) (ukulima, ukudoba, izimayini kanye namahlathi), imisebenzi esekelayo ephathelene nokukhiqiza (secondary activities) (ukukhiqizwa kwempahla kanye nokwakha), imisebenzi yokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo (tertiary activities) okuyimisebenzi yokulekelela njengokuphatha nokulawula, ukuthengisa kanye nezokuthutha, kanye nama-quaternary activities (okuyimisebenzi ephathelene nezinsizakalo zobuchwepheshe kanye nolwazi esezingeni eliphakeme (bheka ama-“quaternary activities”). Kwesinye isikhathi kuyenzeka kube nezinhlobo zemisebenzi ezingaphezu kolulodwa ezicishe zithathwe njengezibaluleke ngokulinganayo emnothweni wezwe. Uma kunezimo ezinjalo, lokho kusho ukuthi izwe linomnotho ombaxambili. Lokhu akuyona neze into engavamile; empeleni, amazwe amaningi asethuthukile (bheka i-“development” kanye nama-“developing countries”) ezikhathini ezithile ake azithole ekulesi simo. Isibonelo esaziwayo wumnotho wezempi nowezimboni (military-industrial economy) wase-USA ngeminyaka yawo-1950 kuya ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yawo-1960. Uhlelo lomnotho ombaxambili lungaqhubeka isikhathi eside, kodwa-ke esikhathini esiningi umkhakha wezomnotho owodwa ugcina sekuyiwona obaluleke kakhulu, bese kuthi yonke eminye ibe yimikhakha esekelayo. Ziningi izibonelo zalokho, kodwa isibonelo esihle kakhulu ngamazwe ase-Western Europe. Sekuphele iminyaka ngeminyaka lawa mazwe egxile emnothweni wezokukhiqiza kanye nowezimboni, lapho ezokuthutha kanye nezokuthengisa nazo zithathwa njengemikhakha ebaluleke ngokulinganayo uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhakha wezokukhiqiza kanye nowezimboni. Kodwa-ke manje, imikhakha yezomnotho ephathelene nobuchwepheshe bolwazi nocwaningo (quaternary economic activities) seyiyificile futhi yaze yayidlula ngokuphelele le mikhakha eshiwo ngenhla, kangangokuthi ezobuchwepheshe bolwazi sezingaphezulu kakhulu futhi zezibonakala njengemikhakha ebaluleke ngaphezu kwezokukhiqiza nezezimboni kulawa mazwe. Kepha-ke izwe lase-Germany lihlukile lona ngoba ezokukhiqiza ziseyingxenye esemqoka kakhulu emnothweni wezwe. Umphumela walesi simo sezinto awukacaci kahle. (Bheka ama-“quaternary activities”.)
