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amabalazwe abonisa ubunikazi bomhlaba — isiZulu
Amabalazwe abonisa imingcele yomhlaba kanye neminye imingcele ephathelene nokuphatha nokulawula, kanye nokubhaliswa komhlaba kanye nolwazi oluphathelene nokuhlaliswa kwabantu emhlabeni othile. Umhlaba wabahlali kanye nabantu abazimele, kanye nomhlaba wombuso kuzo zonke izindawo ezicwaningiwe uyabhaliswa, futhi amahhovisi amatayitela agcina wonke amarekhodi kanye nemininingwane yokubhaliswa komhlaba. Noma yiliphi ibalazwe elibonisa le mingcele liyibalazwe lobunikazi bomhlaba. Imingcele yamazwe ngamazwe, izifunda, omasipala kanye nezifundazwe nayo iyaboniswa kulawa mabalazwe. Umuntu udinga ibalazwe elinobubanzi obukhulu impela (njengobubanzi obungu-1:50 000) ukubonisa imingcele yamapulazi, kepha-ke ibalazwe elinobubanzi obukhulu kangako ngeke likwazi ukubonisa imihlaba emincane. Ukubonisa imihlaba esezindaweni zasemadolobheni, njengasendaweni ethile okuhlala kuyona abantu edolobheni elithile, kudingeka ibalazwe elinobubanzi obukhulu impela (njengobubanzi obungu-1:10 000 futhi kungaba kuhle kakhulu uma ububanzi bungaba wu-1:1 000). Amabalazwe abonisa ubunikazi bomhlaba asemqoka kakhulu futhi awusizo ekuhlelweni kwezindawo ezisemadolobheni, ekuhlinzekweni kwezidingongqangi, ekuqoqweni kwentela yomhlaba, kwezokuthengiselana ngomhlaba, ekuxazululweni kwemibango yemingcele kanye nemibango yobunikazi, ekuhlaziyweni kwezindawo zokuhlaliswa kwabantu nalezo okuzokwakhiwa kuzona izikhungo ezithile, ucwaningo oluphathelene nesimo sendawo nomhlaba okuzokwakhiwa kuwona (geotechnical investigations), ukuhlolwa komthelela kwimvelo, futhi aphinde asetshenziselwe nokunye okuningi. ENingizimu Afrika, sinenhlanhla ngoba sinochungechunge lwamabalazwe abonisa ububanzi obuhlukahlukene, okuyinto angenayo amazwe amaningi asathuthuka. Izinhlelo zokubekwa nokuhlaliswa kwabantu emhlabeni othile zihlukene ngowezifunda ezihlukahlukene emhlabeni. Ezifundeni zemiphakathi yendabuko, awubhaliswa umhlaba futhi asikho isidingo samabalazwe abonisa ubunikazi bomhlaba. Ezweni elabe libizwa nge-USSR phambilini, wonke umhlaba kwakungowoMbuso, futhi kwakungekho ngisho nohlelo lobunikazi bomhlaba imbala, kepha-ke izinto sezaguquka emva kokuhlakazwa kwe-USSR ngowe-1991 futhi izwe elisha elasungulwa labavumela abahlali nabantu abazimele ukuthi babe ngabanikazi bomhlaba. E-Sahara Desert kunohlanga lwabantu abangahlali endaweni eyodwa ababizwa ngama-Bedouins, okungabantu abazulazulayo behla benyuka besuka esiqintini sogwadule esivundile, esinamanzi beya kwesinye (bheka i-“salinisation”) futhi abangazi ngisho nokuthi bakuliphi izwe ngenkathi behla benyuka! Kepha-ke laba bantu abazulazulayo bayazi ukuthi umthombo noma isiqinti somhlaba ovundile “ngesikabani”, futhi bayazi ukuthi yisiphi isiqinti abangasisebenzisa futhi yisiphi isiqinti okumele basigweme. Ngakho-ke abawadingi amabalazwe abonisa ubunikazi bomhlaba ukuxazulula izinkinga eziphathelene nodaba lobunikazi bomhlaba. Kwenzeka into efanayo futhi nakwezinye izifunda eziningi, nengezifunda zehlathikazi lase-Amazon, ugwadule lwase-Mongolia, izindawo ezingama-savannah endabuko kanye namadlelo ase-East Africa, umhlaba ongavundile, i-Patagonian tundra, izintaba eziphakeme zase-Himalaya, njalo njalo. Empeleni, ingxenye enkulu yomhlaba, emhlabeni esiphila kuwona, ayihlukanisiwe ngokwamabalazwe obunikazi bomhlaba njengoba besingakaze sibe khona isidingo salokho.
