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ukuphathwa nokulawulwa kwemithombo ewusizo — isiZulu
Ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi izinto eziwusizo kubantu. Zimbili izinhlobo zalokhu ezikhona, okungama-natural resources, izinto ezitholakala ngokwemvelo ezingasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono inhlalakahle yabantu, kanye nama-human resources, okuyizinto ezivela kubantu noma ezakhiwe yibona, ezingasetshenziswa ukwenza ngcono inhlalakahle yabantu. Kujografi, sigxile kakhulu ekuphathweni kwazo zombili lezi zinhlobo zemithombo yempilo. Kuyiqiniso elingephikiswe ukuthi abantu abahlukahlukene banemibono ehlukahlukene mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinto eziyimithombo yempilo, futhi yiziphi ezingeyona; lokho-ke kuyinto ephathelene namasiko-mpilo abantu. Kodwa-ke uma sibeka amasiko-mpilo eceleni, kuyinto eyaziwayo ukuthi eminye yale mithombo yempilo iyavuseleleka kanti futhi eminye ayivuseleleki. Imithombo evuselelekayo yizinto ezingavuseleleka ngokushesha noma ezingavuseleleka ngesivinini esilingana naleso sokusetshenziswa kwazo. Izibonelo zalokhu yizimila zemvelo, amanzi agcinwe ngaphansi komhlaba, izilwane, i-oksijini, amandla elanga kanye nomoya. Imithombo engavuseleleki yimithombo evuseleleka ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu, noma engavuselelekile nakancane nje. Iziphehlamandla ezimbiwa phansi (bheka i-“fossil fuel”), i-iron ore, amadayimane, igolide kanye nezindawo ezinobuhle bemvelo obumangalisayo, yizinto ezingavuseleleki, kodwa-ke okunye kwalokhu singakusebenzisa kabusha (bheka i- “recycling”). Umhlabathi yinto okunzima ukuyichaza ukuthi ingena kuphi kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili, izinto ezivuselelekayo kanye nezinto ezingavuseleleki; ngoba phela umhlabathi uyavuseleleka kepha lokhu kwenzeka ngesivinini esiphansi kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemisebenzi yabantu eyenziwa emhlabathini okungenza ukuthi bawusebenzise uze ufinyelele esigabeni lapho usucekeleke phansi kakhulu, kangangokuthi ungabe usakwazi ukukhiqiza izitshalo. Uma lokhu kubhekwa ngasohlangothini lokuphathwa nokulawulwa kwemithombo ewusizo kanye nokusetshensiswa kwayo ngendlela esimeme, umhlabathi ufakwa ngaphansi kwezinto ezingavuseleleki, uma lokhu kubhekwa ngokwesilinganiso sobude besikhathi esiphilwa ngumuntu emhlabeni (human time-scale), futhi ososayensi abaningi kanye nezishoshovu zokuvikelwa nokulondolozwa kwemvelo babona ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi njengobungozi bemvelo obubeka abantu engcupheni enkulu. Kahle-kahle, ukuphathwa nokulawula kwemithombo ewusizo kuhlose ukuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa ngendlela esimeme kwazo zonke izinto ezikhona eziyimithombo ewusizo. Kuhlose ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithombo engavuseleleki futhi kuncishiswe nesivinini sokusetshenziswa kwemithombo evuselelekayo futhi kuqinisekiswe nokuvuselelwa kwayo. Imithombo ewusizo ihlolwa futhi ilawulwe ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ezibandakanya ukuncishiswa kokusetshenziswa kwayo (okusho, ukulondolozwa, [conservation]), ukunqabela ngokuphelele ukusetshenziswa kwayo (okusho, ukugcinwa kwayo [preservation]), imithethonqubo yokuvimbela ukungcoliseka kwemvelo, ukubekwa kwemibandela yokuthi indawo yemvelo kumele nakanjani ivuselelwe emva kokusetshenziswa kwayo, isidingo sokutholakala kwemvume ngaphambi kokwenziwa komsebenzi ongaba nomthelela kwimvelo, futhi kubandakanya nokuthi indlela ngayinye kulezi ezishiwo lapha iguqulwe lapha noma laphaya ukuze ihambelane nesimo esithile esihlukile. Isu elisemqoka kakhulu lokuphathwa nokulawulwa kwemvelo futhi okuyilona kuphela eliyoxazulula ngokuphelele zonke izinkinga eziphathelene nemvelo, wukugqugquzelwa kwesiko-mpilo lokuqinisekisa ukutshenziswa kwemithombo yemvelo ngendlela esimeme. Kodwa-ke, lokho kuyisixazululo sesikhathi eside, kanti izinkinga zona zidinga izinyathelo ezisheshayo ezingahlinzekwa yizivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, imithetho yamazwe, imithethonqubo kanye nokukhishwa kwezimvume (bheka ama-“international conventions” kanye ne-“environmental management”).
