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i-natural selection — isiZulu
Inqubo yemvelo eyenza ukuthi umphakathi wezinto eziphilayo (iqembu lezinto ezithile eziphilayo) uguqule izici zobunjalo bawo (characteristics) ezithile, esikhathini eside, ukuze isimo sokwakheka kwalezo zinto eziphilayo sihambelane kahle nengcindezi ezithile ezihlinzekwa yimvelo eziphila kuyona. Itemu elithi “natural selection” linomlando omude, futhi ongathandeki kahle. Lwaqala ukusetshenziswa ngu-Charles Darwin ngenkathi eshicilela ithiyori yakhe yoguqukosimo (theory of evolution) encwadini yakhe yodumo esihloko sithi On the Origin of Species ngowe-1859. Abantu bayayihlanakezela le thiyori, futhi abayiqondi kahle, ikakhulukazi abaholi bezenkolo, ngoba phela babona sengathi ithi abantu baphuma ezinkawini, okungeyona neze into eshiwo yile thiyori. Yathola ukugxekwa nokuhlanjalazwa okukhulu le thiyori kanye nabalandeli bayo. Kodwa-ke, ziningi izibonelo ezaziwayo ze-natural selection nogugukosimo eziqoshwe phansi kule minyaka edlule, okungafanele neze zishaywe indiva. Zonke izinto eziphilayo kuba nendlela ezibhekana ngayo nezinselele ezintsha ezilethwa yimvelo eziphila kuyona. Enye yalezo zindlela wukuguquka kwesimo sofuzo sezinto eziphilayo ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nesimo semvelo. Lolu guquko lofuzo lwenzeka kulezo zinto eziphilayo ezikwazile ukuphunyula esimweni esingesihle esibangelwa yimvelo, ngenxa yokuthi isimo sazo siyakwazi ukumelana nesimo semvelo, kanye nokuzalana phakathi kwalawo malungu omphakathi wezinto eziphilayo akwazile ukumelana nezinselele zemvelo. Qaphela ukuthi asiguquki isimo sento ephilayo ngayinye kepha kuguquka umphakathi wonkana wezinto eziphilayo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kungachazeka kahle ngokuhlinzeka isibonelo esisodwa esingenakuphikiswa. Kunohlobo oluthile lwesinambuzane esibizwa ngelibhu (moth) elimhlophe esitholakala e-New York City. Lesi sinambuzane sasikwazi ukuzifihla ngempumelelo ngaphansi kwesimo semvelo esikhanyayo sakuleli dolobha, kodwa-ke ukukhula kokungcoliseka komoya emva kwe-Industrial Revolution (bheka i-“Industrial Revolution”) kwaholela ekutheni kugcwale izinsalela zomule nensizi emnyama ezakhiweni, futhi lokhu kwaholela ekutheni amabhu amhlophe abonakale kalula bese ebanjwa yizinyoni kanye nezinye izilwane ezidla amabhu. Kwasala kuphela amabhu anombala omnyama, futhi wona aqhubeka nokuphila nokuzalana. Ekugcineni umphakathi wonke wamabhu wabe usuwakhiwe ngamabhu amnyama, yingakho-ke e-New York City kutholakla umphakathi wamabhu amnyama, ekubeni empeleni lezi zinambuzane zimhlophe ngokombala.
